Tunisian Crochet and Its Origins

Tunisian crochet is a unique and versatile craft that blends elements of both traditional crochet and knitting. Known for its distinctive texture and fabric-like appearance, Tunisian crochet has a rich history that spans cultures and centuries. This technique has been used to create everything from blankets and scarves to intricate garments and accessories.

What Is Tunisian Crochet?

Tunisian crochet, sometimes called Afghan crochet, differs from standard crochet in its method of working stitches. Instead of completing each stitch individually, like in traditional crochet, Tunisian crochet involves holding multiple loops on the hook at once, much like knitting. A special long hook, called a Tunisian crochet hook or Afghan hook, is used to accommodate these loops.

Each row in Tunisian crochet is worked in two passes:

1. Forward pass – The hook picks up loops from the fabric and holds them on the hook.
2. Return pass – The loops are worked off the hook, one at a time, to complete the row.

This technique creates a dense, warm fabric with a woven or knitted appearance, making it ideal for projects that require durability and structure.

 

 

The Origins of Tunisian Crochet

Despite its name, the origins of Tunisian crochet are somewhat mysterious. There is little historical evidence to directly link this technique to Tunisia or North Africa. Instead, it is believed that the name was popularized in the 19th century as the craft gained recognition in Europe.

Early Mentions and Spread

Tunisian crochet likely developed from a combination of crochet, knitting, and other needlework techniques. Some researchers suggest that similar methods were used as early as the 18th century, but the craft became more well-known in the 19th century.

• 19th Century Europe: Tunisian crochet gained popularity in Britain and France, where it was sometimes referred to as railway crochet, tricot crochet, or shepherd’s knitting. The technique was featured in women’s magazines and pattern books, encouraging its spread among needleworkers.
• The Victorian Era: During Queen Victoria’s reign, handcrafts like crochet and knitting were fashionable pastimes for women. Tunisian crochet was often used to create shawls, blankets, and decorative household items.

The Name “Tunisian Crochet”

The term Tunisian crochet is thought to have emerged during the 19th century, possibly due to a fascination with exotic and foreign-sounding names. Many Victorian-era crafts were given names that suggested an association with distant lands, even if the technique did not originate there. Some speculate that the name may have come from the French, who had colonial ties with Tunisia, but there is no concrete historical evidence to confirm this connection.

Similar Techniques Around the World

Although Tunisian crochet as we know it today became widely recognized in Europe, similar techniques have been found in various cultures. For example:

• Scandinavian and Eastern European Knitting Traditions: Some old knitting and crochet techniques from these regions bear similarities to Tunisian crochet in their method of holding multiple loops on a hook.
• Central and South Asian Textile Techniques: Various textile traditions from Central and South Asia involve loop-based needlework that resembles Tunisian crochet.

While these crafts are not identical, they share common elements, suggesting that the technique may have evolved in multiple regions independently.

Characteristics of Tunisian Crochet

Tunisian crochet is distinct in both technique and appearance. Here are some of its key characteristics:

1. Dense and Warm Fabric

Tunisian crochet creates a thicker, more structured fabric than traditional crochet, making it ideal for items like blankets, sweaters, and home decor.

 

2. Hybrid of Crochet and Knitting

The process of holding multiple loops on the hook resembles knitting, but the stitches themselves are created using a crochet-like motion.

3. Unique Stitches

Tunisian crochet has a variety of stitches, each producing a different texture. Some popular ones include:

• Tunisian Simple Stitch (TSS) – Creates a grid-like texture.
• Tunisian Knit Stitch (TKS) – Mimics the look of knitted fabric.
• Tunisian Purl Stitch (TPS) – Similar in appearance to a knitted purl stitch.

4. Curling Tendency

One of the challenges of Tunisian crochet is that the fabric tends to curl at the edges due to the structure of the stitches. This can be counteracted by using a larger hook size, adding a border, or blocking the finished piece.

5. Versatility in Projects

Tunisian crochet is used for a wide range of projects, including scarves, blankets, bags, and even intricate lacework. Its dense fabric also makes it suitable for making warm clothing.

Modern Resurgence of Tunisian Crochet

Tunisian crochet has seen a resurgence in popularity in recent years, thanks to online tutorials, social media, and modern

designers who are exploring its potential. Many fiber artists appreciate its ability to create unique textures and structured fabrics that are different from both knitting and traditional crochet.

• Textured and woven look – The stitches create patterns that resemble both knitting and weaving.
• Fast to work up – Since stitches remain on the hook, projects can progress quickly.
• Endless stitch variations – New patterns and techniques are being developed, expanding the craft’s possibilities.

Modern Tunisian crochet enthusiasts use a variety of yarns and hook styles to create contemporary designs, from minimalist sweaters to colorful, intricate blankets. The craft continues to evolve, proving that this historic technique still has a place in today’s fiber arts world.

 

Tunisian crochet is a fascinating and adaptable craft with a history that spans cultures and centuries. While its exact origins remain unclear, it has been embraced and developed across different regions, gaining recognition in 19th-century Europe and continuing to thrive in the modern crafting community. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced crocheter, exploring Tunisian crochet opens up new creative possibilities, blending the best of crochet and knitting into one beautiful technique.